[新聞] 專家：神祕圖型其實是用來校正衛星用的

作者: pentoxide (Penta) 看板: Gossiping
標題: [新聞] 專家：神祕圖型其實是用來校正衛星用的
時間: Thu Nov 17 23:18:16 2011

http://ppt.cc/tJmY

Mysterious Symbols in China Desert Are Spy Satellite Targets, Expert Says
By Natalie Wolchover | LiveScience.com – 20 hrs ago

Newfound Google Maps images have revealed an array of mysterious structures
and patterns etched into the surface of China's Gobi Desert. The media —
from mainstream to fringe — has wildly speculated that they might be Chinese
weapons-testing sites, satellite calibration targets, street maps of Washington
, D.C., and New York City, or even messages to (or from) aliens.
在眾說紛紜的爭論中

It turns out that they are almost definitely used to calibrate China's spy
satellites.
幾乎可以確定這些圖案是用來校正中國的間諜衛星

So says Jonathon Hill, a research technician and mission planner at the Mars
Space Flight Facility at Arizona State University, which operates many of the
cameras used during NASA's Mars missions. Hill works with images of the
Martian surface taken by rovers and satellites, as well as data from
Earth-orbiting NASA instruments.
參與NASA火星任務的專家Jonathon Hill

The grids of zigzagging white lines seen in two of the images —
the strangest of the various desert structures — are spy satellite
calibration targets. Satellite cameras focus on the grids, which measure
approximately 0.65 miles wide by 1.15 miles long, and use them to orient
themselves in space. [Gallery: Mysterious Structures In China's Gobi Desert]
The existence of these calibration targets may seem suspicious or revelatory,
but Hill said it really isn't; China was already known to operate spy satellites,
and many other countries (including the United States) do so as well.
最奇怪的那個圖型是用來校正間諜衛星用的。衛星相機對焦於網格，

並定位衛星在
外太空的位置。這些圖案的存在引發猜疑，但Hill表示，其實很多國家都都這樣做。

In fact, the U.S. also uses calibration targets. "An example I found just now
is a calibration target for the Corona spy satellites, built back in the 1960s,
down in Casa Grande, Ariz., [at coordinates] 32° 48' 24.74" N, 111° 43' 21.30" W,"
Hill told Life's Little Mysteries, a sister site to LiveScience.
事實上，美國在60年代也在亞歷桑納建置過校正用靶。

The 65-foot-wide white lines that make up China's grids are not made of
reflective metal as many news sites have suggested. "They have gaps in them
where they cross little natural drainage channels and the lines themselves
are not perfectly filled in, with lots of little streaks and uneven coverage.
I think it's safe to say these are some kind of paint," Hill said, noting that
if they were made of white dust or chalk, the wind would have caused them to
streak visibly.

The calibration targets are larger than might have been expected, he said,
suggesting that the satellite cameras they are being used to calibrate have
surprisingly poor ground resolution.
這麼大的標靶可能是因為衛星相機對地的解析度很差。

Another strange image taken not far away shows a Stonehenge-like arrangement of
objects radiating outward, with fighter jets parked at its center.
"This is almost certainly a calibration/test target for orbital radar
instruments," Hill said. "Since a significant amount of radar return is due
to differences in surface roughness, they're probably testing ways of making
the areas around planes 'bumpy' enough that the planes are partially masked."
In other words, the Chinese military probably uses radar instruments to send
signals down at the target from above, and determine how much radar bounces
back to the instruments from the fighter jets, and how much gets scattered
by the Stonehenge-like arrangement of bumps surrounding them.
From this, the country's radar experts can learn how best to hide China's
military operations from other countries' satellites, and possibly get clues
for how to find carefully hidden objects in other countries.
However, the fact that the planes are made out of metal will increase their
radar return and make it very hard to completely mask them, Hill said.
像巨石陣般的圖型並停有數架戰機的地方是用來校正或測試雷達用的

Since the initial reports of these structures became widespread, industrious
readers of the gadget blog Gizmodo have spotted a few more interesting
structures in China. One, Hill said, appears to be a weapons testing zone,
perhaps for evaluating explosives. Elsewhere, a giant grid resembles a Yagi
antenna array. Instruments like this can be used for any number of things,
such as weather tracking, space weather tracking and high-altitude
atmospheric research.
Hill noted that most of these structures are quite closer to each other.
"I think we're seeing some sort of military zone/test range, which explains
the large amount of equipment and technology in an otherwise remote area,"
he said. "Sometimes the truth can be just as interesting, if not more so,
than the conspiracies that people come up with."
This article was provided by Life's Little Mysteries, a sister site to
LiveScience. Follow us on Twitter @llmysteries, then join us on Facebook.
Follow Natalie Wolchover on Twitter @nattyover.

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